A medical history including a lead exposure risk-assessment, physical exam, and blood tests will be performed. The current definition of lead toxicity is 10 micrograms, or greater, per deciliter of blood. Studies have shown that blood levels as low as 10-15 micrograms per deciliter can be associated with diminished intelligence, impaired behavioral development, impaired hearing, and inhibited growth. The optimal frequency of screening for lead exposure in children is not established. Lead poisoning can be treated if treatment begins before too much damage has occurred. Lead is removed through a process called chelation, using drugs to bind to the metal in the bloodstream, flushing it out in the urine. Medications include calcium-disodium (EDTA), which is usually administered intravenously over several days in a hospital, and succimer (DMSA), which does not require hospitalization. Succimer (Chemet) has become the preferred chelating agent for less severe cases because it can be given by mouth. Eliminating opportunities for lead exposure at home or at work is very important. Contact your local public health department's environmental health section if you have questions about the lead exposure risk in your home, building, or work environment.
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